Home | GHG emissions | Reduction and adaptation objectives
GHG emissions
Reduction and adaptation objectives
National emissions
Overall emissions
Emissions by sector
Emission by gas
Data and methods
Sources of activity data
Emission factors
Methodology (IPCC)
Reduction targets
Burundi, aware of its vulnerability to climate change, has embarked on an ambitious path of decarbonisation through its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC). In accordance with Article 4 of the Paris Agreement, the country has defined clear indicators of progress to guide its ecological transition over the decade 2021-2030.
The central objective of Burundi is to: reduce 15.65% greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 relative to the baseline scenario (BAU). This commitment is divided into two levels of ambition, reflecting both the national effort and the need for international solidarity.
Emissions Reduction Targets
Burundi is aiming at an overall reduction of its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions compared to the baseline scenario (BAU – Business As Usual):
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Reference year : 2015 (1,935,9 Gg Eq.CO2)
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Target year : 2030 (6.854.6 Gg Eq.CO2 BAU)
- Key Milestones : An interim evaluation in 2025 before the final maturity of 2030.
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Gases covered : CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs and indirect gases (CO, NOx, NMVOC, SOx).
The country distinguishes two trajectories to reach its overall target of 15.65 per cent. These scenarios provide an overview of total GHG levels, integrating contributions from all sectors (Energy, Agriculture, Forests, Waste and Industry).
Comparison of Scenarios of Mitigation
| CDN scenario | Type of commitment | Horizon 2025 | Horizon 2030 |
| Unconditional | Burundi ' s own efforts | – 1,58 % | – 3,04 % |
| Conditional | With international support | – 11,40 % | – 12,61 % |
| Total objective | Combined commitment | – 12,98 % | – 15,65 % |
Sector Objectives and Projections
The mitigation strategy is declined by sector of activity. The table below details the reduction proportions targeted in relation to the BAU scenario for each sector.
| Sector | Objective type | Horizon 2025 | Horizon 2030 |
| Energy | Unconditional | 6,53 % | 12,23 % |
| Conditional | 13,79 % | 18,93 % | |
| PIUP | Conditional | 3,24 % | 6,06 % |
| Agriculture | Conditional | 10,93 % | 10,73 % |
| FAT | Unconditional | – 107,96 % | – 100,01 % |
| Conditional | – 302,37 % | – 279,11 % | |
| Waste | Conditional | 0,04 % | 0,04 % |
| Summary of objectives |
Unconditional | 1,58 % | 3,04 % |
| Conditional | 11,40 % | 12,61 % |
Adaptation to Climate Change
Adaptation is a vital priority for the Government, particularly to ensure food security.
Priority sectors and achievements
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Agriculture and Water Resources: Government Priority #1. Measures to combat soil erosion, protection of banks and flood management in the lowlands.
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Forests and Landscapes: Restoration of degraded landscapes to cope with rainfall deficit.
Adaptation challenges
Despite the efforts made, several obstacles remain:
- Monitoring and evaluation : Lack of an S&E framework specific to climate change.
- Scale: The measures remain ad hoc and cover only a small part of the vulnerable areas.
- Costs: Financial requirements far exceed the resources currently mobilized.
- Sustainability: Need to strengthen local ownership of measures.